Uhlalutyo oluthelekisayo lwe-caustic soda kunye nesoda ash

Yahluke kwisoda ash (i-sodium carbonate, i-Na2CO3) nangona ibizwa ngokuba yi-“alkali”, kodwa eneneni yeyokubunjwa kweekhemikhali zetyuwa, kunye ne-caustic soda (i-sodium hydroxide, i-NaOH) yinyani enyibilikayo emanzini e-alkali eyomeleleyo, ne-corrosive eyomeleleyo kunye ne-hygroscopic. impahla.I-soda ash kunye ne-caustic soda zikwabizwa ngokuba "zi-alkali ezimbini zemizi-mveliso", zombini ziyinxalenye yoshishino lwetyuwa kunye neekhemikhali.Nangona zahluke kakhulu enye kwenye ngokwenkqubo yemveliso kunye nefom yemveliso, ukufana kwazo kwiipropathi zekhemikhali kuzenza zibambele ngomlinganiselo othile kwezinye iindawo ezisezantsi, kwaye ixabiso labo likwabonisa ukuhambelana okucacileyo okuqinisekileyo.

1. Iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zemveliso

Isoda yeCaustic yeyokufikelela kumbindi wekhonkco loshishino lwechlor-alkali.Ishishini layo lemveliso liye lathatyathelwa indawo yi-electrolysis ukusuka kwindlela ye-caustic ekuqaleni, kwaye ekugqibeleni yavela kwindlela yangoku ye-ionic membrane electrolysis.Kuye kwaba yindlela eqhelekileyo yokuvelisa i-caustic soda e-China, ibalwa ngaphezu kwe-99% yetotali, kwaye inkqubo yokuvelisa idibene.Inkqubo yokuvelisa uthuthu lwesoda yahlulwe ngendlela yealkali yeammonia, indlela yealkali edityanisiweyo kunye nendlela yealkali yendalo, apho indlela yealkali ye-ammonia ibalelwa kuma-49%, iakhawunti yealkali edibeneyo ye-46% kunye neakhawunti yealkali yendalo malunga ne-5%.Ngokuveliswa kweprojekthi ye-Trona ye-Yuanxing Energy kunyaka ozayo, umlinganiselo we-trona uya kwandiswa.Iindleko kunye nenzuzo yeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuvelisa i-soda ash ziyahluka kakhulu, phakathi kwazo iindleko zetrona ziphantsi kakhulu.

2. Iindidi zeemveliso ezahlukeneyo

Kukho iindidi ezimbini ze-caustic soda eziqhelekileyo kwimarike: i-soda yolwelo kunye nesoda eqinileyo.Isoda yolwelo inokohlulwa ibe yi-30% yesiseko solwelo, i-32% yesiseko solwelo, i-42% yesiseko solwelo, i-45% yesiseko solwelo kunye ne-50% yesiseko solwelo ngokweqhekeza le-sodium hydroxide.Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziyi-32% kunye ne-50%.Okwangoku, i-akhawunti ye-alkali elulwelo ingaphezulu kwe-80% yetotali, kunye ne-99% ye-caustic soda akhawunti malunga ne-14%.I-soda ash ejikeleza kwimarike yohlulwe ibe yialkali ekhanyayo kunye ne-alkali enzima, zombini zikwimeko eqinileyo kwaye zahlulwa ngokobuninzi.Ubuninzi be-alkali ekhanyayo yi-500-600kg/m3 kwaye ubuninzi be-alkali enzima yi-900-1000kg/m3.I-akhawunti ye-alkali enzima malunga ne-50-60%, ngokomahluko wexabiso phakathi kwezi zibini zine-10% yokulungelelanisa indawo.

3. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela zothutho

Iifom ezahlukeneyo zomzimba zenza i-caustic soda kunye nesoda ash yahluke kwindlela yokuthutha kunye nendlela.Uthutho lwealkali yolwelo ludla ngokwenziwa kwilori yetanki yentsimbi eqhelekileyo, ulwelo lwealkali yoxinaniso lungaphezulu kwe-45% okanye iimfuno ezikhethekileyo zomgangatho kufuneka zenziwe ngelori ye-nickel yentsimbi engenastainless, ialkali isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngama-25kg eplastiki enemigangatho emithathu ephothiweyo okanye i-emele yentsimbi.Ukupakishwa kunye nokugcinwa kothuthu lwesoda kulula, kwaye kunokupakishwa kwiingxowa ezilukiweyo eziphindwe kabini kunye nezinye.Njengekhemikhali enobungozi elulwelo, ialkali yolwelo inemveliso eyomeleleyo yengingqi kunye neendawo zokuthengisa zigxile eMntla naseMpuma China, ngelixa imveliso yealkali eyomeleleyo igxile kumntla-ntshona weTshayina.Indawo yokuvelisa i-soda ash igxininiswe, kodwa indawo yokuthengisa ihlakazekile.Xa kuthelekiswa nesoda, ukuthuthwa kwealkali yolwelo kuthintelwe ngakumbi, ngaphezu kweekhilomitha ezingama-300 emotweni.